Is It Allergies or Asthma?

Understanding Breathing Problems in the City

How to recognize triggers in urban homes and neighborhoods

Living in city environments means exposure to traffic pollution, crowded housing, pests, dust, and mold. These conditions can trigger allergies and asthma, which sometimes get mistaken for one another. Allergies often cause sneezing, itchy eyes, and runny nose, while asthma can cause coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.

Many people learn to “live with” these symptoms, but untreated allergies and asthma can worsen over time and limit daily activities. Identifying triggers and working with your provider on a plan can improve your breathing and quality of life.

Tips for managing allergies and asthma

● Notice patterns: when and where symptoms start (home, work, outdoors).

● Reduce dust by cleaning regularly and washing bedding in hot water.

● Avoid smoking and do not allow smoking inside the home or car.

● Use prescribed inhalers and allergy medicines exactly as directed.

● Ask about allergy testing if symptoms are frequent or severe.

● Talk with your landlord or housing authority about serious mold or pest problems.

When to call your doctor or 911

● Frequent coughing, wheezing, or waking at night short of breath.

● Using your quick‑relief inhaler more often than recommended.

● Sudden, severe trouble breathing, chest tightness, or blue lips or fingernails—call 911 immediately.